Theoretical and Scientific Foundations of Nursing
OBSERVATION OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
OBSERVATION OF EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
Program/policy evaluation
due 10-7-23 @10am
9/25/23, 6:00 PM SLP – BHA435 Healthcare Quality Assessment and Improvement (2023AUG14FT-1)
https://tlc.trident.edu/d2l/le/content/201354/viewContent/5059895/View 1/1
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Module 4 – SLP
CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Quality assurance and continuous quality improvement is often merged together as
one, however, there are distinct difference between the two terms.
In a 2-page report, complete the following:
Explain in detail and provide a healthcare example of quality assurance in
healthcare.
Explains in detail and provide a healthcare example of continuous quality
improvement in healthcare.
Identify if these concepts work together or independently and explain your
rationale.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Conduct additional research to gather sufficient information to justify/support your
training.
1. Limit your response to a maximum of 2 pages (title and reference pages are not
included in page number count).
2. Support your responses with peer-reviewed articles, with 2 to 3 references. Use
the following link for additional information on how to recognize peer-reviewed
journals:
How to Recognize Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals
http://www.angelo.edu/services/library/handouts/peerrev.php.
3. You may use the following source to assist in formatting your assignment:
Purdue Owl – https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/.
4. For additional information on reliability of sources, review the following source:
https://nccih.nih.gov/health/webresources.
5. This assignment will be graded based on the content in the rubric.
Listen
Ineed replies of those works with 200 words each ones.Reference within 5 years.
1.Research methods commonly used in nursing can be classified in different ways. The following is a discussion of the most common classifications. First, research methods are classified as quantitative, qualitative, or mixed. This is the most common classification.
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data. It is used to confirm a hypothesis. This method’s ontology can be described as objective, material, and structural. Quantitative methods rely on scientific realism justified by empirical confirmation. According to Creswell and Creswell (2023, pp. 45-46), the most common research objectives are numerical description, causal establishment and explanation, and prediction. Quantitative research relies on precise measurement using validated and structured tools. Common quantitative methods in nursing research include surveys, experiments, and observational studies. Conclusions are drawn from statistical analysis.
Qualitative Research
Qualitative research involves the construction of knowledge hypothesis and grounded theory from the data collected during fieldwork. The ontology can be described as subjective, mental, personal, and constructed. It delves into understanding human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena. According to Creswell and Creswell (2023, p. 46), this research method involves collecting qualitative data such as in-depth interviews, participant observations, and open-ended questions. Qualitative methods in nursing research include interviews, focus groups, content analysis, and ethnographic studies. Qualitative designs include descriptive methods, narrative, phenomenological, grounded theory, ethnography, and case studies.
Mixed Methods
Mixed-methods research combines aspects of quantitative and qualitative approaches within a single study. It allows researchers to comprehensively understand a research question by collecting and analyzing numerical and contextual data. In nursing research, mixed-methods studies are often employed to explore complex healthcare issues from multiple angles.
Second, research can be classified as experimental or non-experimental. Experimental research involves the manipulation of one or more variables to determine the effect of an outcome. An example is a Randomized controlled study. On the other hand, there are non-experimental research methods that focus on the observation of phenomena as they occur. Examples include observational studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies. Finally, nursing research can be classified based on the time of data collection. When the data is collected at a single point in time, this is called cross-sectional research, while data collection for an extended period creates a longitudinal study (Butler et al., 2021).
2. Research approaches in nursing can be divided into a number of groups, each with its own specific traits and goals. Quantitative research is one of the main categories, and it entails the systematic collection and analysis of numerical data in order to establish cause-and-effect correlations or characterize patterns (Griffiths et al., 2020). Descriptive and correlational research, which are subsets of quantitative research, concentrate on describing phenomena or looking for links between variables, respectively, whereas experimental research uses controlled studies to modify variables. In nursing research, conducting large-scale surveys, evaluating the efficacy of interventions, and tracking patient outcomes are all made possible by quantitative research.
Another well-known subcategory is qualitative research, which aims to investigate people’s viewpoints and real-world experiences. Aspects of this methodology include phenomenology, which aims to comprehend a phenomenon from the perspective of the participants, grounded theory, which develops hypotheses based on actual facts, and ethnography, which explores the cultural backdrop of healthcare practices (Griffiths et al., 2020). For acquiring an understanding of the subjective facets of nursing, such as patient experiences, emotional reactions, and cultural impacts on healthcare, qualitative research is crucial.
Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, mixed-methods research provides a thorough grasp of intricate nursing phenomena. Both numerical and narrative data are gathered by researchers through surveys, experiments, observations, or in-person discussions (Griffiths et al., 2020). When a researcher wants to triangulate findings or offer a more comprehensive viewpoint on a study subject, this strategy can be quite helpful.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are vital methodologies in nursing research because they serve a critical role in integrating and appraising current studies related to a specific healthcare condition. A systematic review employs a rigorous and organized approach to locating, selecting, and evaluating relevant research studies. These studies aim to provide a comprehensive review of the available data on a certain healthcare topic. Researchers painstakingly assemble information from multiple sources, evaluate the quality of each study, and then summarize the findings to provide a transparent and objective picture of the current state of knowledge in the subject (Griffiths et al., 2020). Meta-analysis, on the other hand, goes a step further by statistically combining the data of multiple studies to derive more solid and broadly applicable conclusions. These strategies collectively provide a substantial addition to nursing’s use of evidence-based practice by presenting a complete body of research.
Action research is a popular methodology in clinical practice and nursing education. It stands out for its inclusive teamwork style that includes both scholars and practitioners. This approach’s main objective is to pinpoint specific obstacles or problems in the healthcare setting, and then work together to develop and provide solutions. By incorporating researchers and practitioners in problem-solving, data collecting, analysis, and improvement implementation, action research emphasizes a cycle of continuous improvement (Griffiths et al., 2020). It is especially helpful in clinical practice, where it can motivate efforts to improve quality, and in nursing education, where it can trigger curriculum modifications and creative teaching methods. Action research seeks to make positive changes that enhance patient care and outcomes in the healthcare environment by concentrating on practical, real-world concerns and encouraging cooperation between researchers and practitioners.
In conclusion, there are several different types of nursing research methodologies, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, systematic reviews/meta-analyses, and action research. With the ultimate goal of advancing nursing knowledge and enhancing patient care, researchers choose the most suitable approach depending on their research objectives, ethical considerations, available resources, and the nature of the phenomenon under examination.
MY NUMBER ASSIGNED WAS 1 WHICH IS: Level of Consciousness – Stuporous, Obtunded, Coma, Lethargy, etc.
Initial post:Each student will be assigned a number randomly. Whatever your number is, select the corresponding topic below, then post a minimum of 5 bullet points about the topic.Your bullet points should address key components of the topic, such as what, how, who, & why. This information should not be basic things you learned in Med/Surg, but rather advanced critical care based. Think about this as a group effort to create a study guide. Use ONLY your textbook, but do not cut & paste from the book.Then create, find, or borrow a test style question about your topic & post at the bottom of your bullet points. The format needs to be multiple choice or select all that apply. Think NCLEX style. Each week include a paragraph with the results from one of your weekly interviews.Discussion post assignments are worth 20 points each as follows:
Writing Essay Assignment Week 1
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Weekly Essay/Writing Assignment Content
1.
Top of Form
This week's writing assignment will consist of the following: Select a particular area of nursing that is of interest to you and write a
short essay of at least 2 to 3 pages about the specifics of nursing research in relation to this area, what can be accomplished by it, and why you believe it to be valuable. Include an explanation of the following questions in your response.
• What role does nursing research play in the development of applied medicine?
• What are the best methods for conducting such research? Include specific topics you will cover and how this relates to your literature review. You may need to use the Internet for help.
Please review the Assignment Rubric. All students are encouraged to visit the library as you must conduct research from EBP practice journals and research studies.
CRITERIA |
OUTSTANDING |
VERY GOOD |
GOOD |
UNACCEPTABLE |
Integration of Knowledge
25% of the total grade |
The paper demonstrates that the author understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Concepts are integrated into the writer’s own insights. The writer provides concluding remarks that show analysis and synthesis of ideas. Page requirements are met. |
The paper demonstrates that the author, mostly, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Some conclusions, however, are not supported in the body of the paper. The page requirement is one page below the required amount. |
The paper demonstrates that the author, to a certain extent, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. The page requirement is two pages below the required amount. |
The paper does not demonstrate that the author has understood, and applied concepts learned in the course. The page requirement is more than two pages below the required amount. |
25% of the total Grade |
The topic is focused narrowly enough for the scope of this assignment. A thesis statement provides direction for the paper, either by a statement of a position or hypothesis. The topic is consistently well thought out, thorough offers insight into the topic, and includes cited evidence to support the topic.
|
The topic is focused but lacks direction. The paper is about a specific topic, but the writer has not established a position. The topic is somewhat well thought out, offers limited insight into the topic, but does not include cited evidence to support the topic. |
The topic is too broad for the scope of this assignment. |
The topic is unclear or unrelated to the discussion topic with little or no supporting evidence. |
25% of the total grade |
In-depth discussion and elaboration in all sections of the paper. Ties together information from all sources. Paper flows from one issue to the next with no headings. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. |
80% In-depth discussion and elaboration in most sections of the paper. Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. Paper flows with only some disjointedness. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources. |
60 The writer has omitted content. Quotations from others outweigh the writer’s own ideas excessively. Sometimes ties together information from all sources. The paper does not flow. Disjointedness is apparent. The author’s writing does not demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between material obtained from all sources. |
Cursory discussion in all the sections of the paper or brief discussion in only a few sections It does not tie together information. Paper does not flow and appears to be created from disparate issues. Headings are necessary to link concepts. Writing does not demonstrate an understanding any relationship
|
12% of the total grade |
Fewer than 5 grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors The required word count has been met. |
More than 5 but fewer than 10 grammatical, spelling, capitalization & punctuation errors The required word count is 25 words below the minimum required count. |
More than 10 grammatical, spelling, capitalization & punctuation errors The required word count is 50 words below the minimum required count. |
An unacceptable number of spelling and/or grammar mistakes. The required word count is more than 50 words below the minimum required count. |
7% of the total grade |
4 current sources, of which at least 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. Sources include both general background sources and specialized sources. Special-interest sources and popular literature and acknowledged as such if they are cited. All websites utilized are authoritative. |
3 current sources, of which at least 2 are peer-review journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are authoritative. |
Fewer than 3 current sources or fewer than 2 of 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are credible. |
Fewer than 3 current sources or fewer than 2 of 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. Not all websites utilized are credible, and/or sources are not current. |
6% of the total grade
|
Fewer than 5 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors |
More than 5 but fewer than 10 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors. |
More than 10 incomplete citations and/or quotations, or APA format errors. |
The citation style is inconsistent or incorrect. It does not cite sources. |
Bottom of Form
Module/Week 8: Community Assessment Project
Module Overview
During this week, you will focus on your community health assessment project.
Overall Topics
Community Health Assessment project
Module Learning Objectives
By the end of this week, students will be able to:
• Complete Community Health Assessment.
Learning Assignments
1. Focus on completing your community health assessment.
2. This is a PowerPoint submission.
Items Due
1. Community Health Assessment due on 10/15/23 at 11:59 pm
2. *Complete verification screenshot that you placed your Community Health Assessment
in your NURS 1100 portfolio due on 10/15/23 at 11:59 pm
Community Assessment Instructions and Grading Rubric
20 points
Community Assessment- Community health is a critical dimension in baccalaureate nursing.
This assignment allows you the opportunity to perform course objectives in “real life” by
assessing a community as client, arriving at a community diagnosis, proposing interventions, and
deciding how you would measure the outcomes. In this assignment, you will begin to evaluate
the health needs of a community. To meet the needs of the members of a community, public
health nurses must first identify barriers to health care and identify the priorities of the
community.
You will use the Nies & McEwen (2019) textbook Assessment Framework for a community
health assessment to explore a geographical community (Chapter 6). For help with writing the
questions to ask, see text Chapter 6, Box 6-2: Questions to Guide Community Observations
During a Windshield Survey. There are many different sources of data needed to complete a
comprehensive community assessment including the use of the NURS 400 LibGuide. Students
will explore these data sources to help the preparation of their community assessment. You will
explore these data sources to help with the preparation of your community assessment. The
Community Health Assessment PowerPoint (including all the grading criteria on the grading
rubric) is compiled, including multiple sources of data, following the completion of the
community assessment. Explain the value of collaborating with other professionals, the use of
data resources, and evidence-based practice to guide community health nursing. This is an
individual assignment. You may assess a city or county or neighborhood. Be aware that it is
sometimes difficult to find city or neighborhood health data, so it is fine to use county data in
this case. Please say in the assignment that you were not able to find city or neighborhood data,
so are using county data.
1. Start by selecting a community.
2. Next, complete a Walking or Windshield Survey of the community. View your chosen
community as your patient taking pictures (do not use stock photos from the internet)
and assessing what is healthy in the community and what is not or may lead to public
health concerns that could possibly be addressed in your nursing diagnosis. You must
include photos you took during your windshield/walking survey in your final
presentation.
3. Then, check the Week 8 module under course content and locate the NU400 resources in
the Mustang Library – NURS 400 LibGuide to do online searches for data about the
community. It might be helpful to check with your local Chambers of Commerce as a
great community resource!
4. You will need to include multiple/credible (at least 4 sources of data) sources of data in
your assessment.
5. The 4 sources of data must be:
• The walking or windshield tour
• Two sources of data must be included/used from the Mustang McFarland Library
NU400 Lib (Data) Guide: http://libguides.smsu.edu/nurs400
• The data guide set up for NU400 at the Mustang Library has a menu at the top that
includes databases for many of the items you need for the Community Assessment!
• An interview with a key informant (keep their identity confidential for this
assignment) that addresses public health in the community. Refer to your APA 7th
ed. Resources to properly cite personal communications. The course instructor
reserves the right to request key informant contact information for auditing and
plagiarism purposes.
• Keep in mind, a community key informant is a professional in the community but not
a nurse (interprofessional collaboration) (examples may include mayor, teacher,
physician, environmental scientist, public health professional, minister, city council
member, health educator, etc.) Interview the key informant using open-ended
questions that you develop from the examples in the textbook.
Questions to include in the key interview should include but not be limited to the
following:
a. How do you define health?
b. What helps you or your community be healthy?
c. What makes it difficult to be healthy in your community?
d. What are the health concerns for your community? Your culture?
e. What resources do you access to help you be healthy?
• Please incorporate photos from your Windshield/Walking Survey within your
PowerPoint to show the community! Avoid using pictures of children. Include photos in
your PowerPoint to showcase the community (paint a picture) but remember this is
not an advertisement for the community but rather an assessment of its health.
• Please include major headings in your PowerPoint for the required elements including
adhering to 7th ed. APA formatting
Formulating the Community Health Diagnosis:
1. For this assignment, you will identify a priority health need and write a community health
diagnosis. You will write a community health diagnosis using the following format from
the Nies and McEwen (2019) text on page 103 in Chapter 6 (Fig. 6.3): Community
Assessment.
2. Start by using the community assessment that you have just completed in this assignment.
Next, using the format, write a diagnosis that is used to address the measure of concern
and add this to your PowerPoint.
3. The format for community health diagnosis is, “Increased risk of
______________(disability or disease) among ____________________(community or
population) related to ______________________(etiological statement) as demonstrated
in/as evidenced by ___________________ (health indicators).”
**Please include major headings in your PowerPoint for the required rubric elements
Community Assessment
Rubric
Excellent Satisfactory Unsatisfactory
1. Describe and define your
chosen
community/community
vitality (e.g.,
location/geography, what
does your community look
like).
*must include vital
statistics such as births,
deaths, including
population density,
population at last census,
any unique fluctuations,
age, race, income, gender,
etc., from NURS 400
LibGuide
Clearly describes
community. The
observation is
thorough, and all
issues are
addressed.
Includes census
data is provided.
(15-20 points)
Minimally describes
community and
lacks details
regarding census
data.
(9-14 points)
Does not describe
the community
and/or provides
little to no census
data.
(0 –8 points)
2. Community Assessment
– Walking or Windshield
Survey (refer to Nies &
McEwen Box 6. 2
Questions to Guide
Community Observations
During a Windshield
Survey). Describes and
evaluates main findings
from windshield survey
and the descriptions as a
guide as you drive or walk
through the defined
community.
• Provide a clear
overview of the
community
• Helps to identify
needs, clarifying
problems, and
identifying
strengths and
Clearly describes
and evaluates a
thorough
Windshield
Survey of the
community.
(15-20 points)
Minimally
describes/evaluates
most aspects of the
community using a
Windshield Survey.
(9-14 points)
Does not adequately
describe the
community using a
Windshield Survey.
The information is
incomplete, with
many/all assessment
aspects missing.
(0 –8 points)
resources within
the/your identified
community.
• Included your own
pictures (not stock
photos) with
comments/
information from
Windshield survey
3. Vital Statistics/Data
Collection
Describe indicators of the
following social/economic
needs in your community
assessment:
• Describe people
(who is part of the
community)
• Population data
such as age, gender,
race/ethnicity,
marital
status/family
• Religion, education
levels, income,
employment,
unemployment,
closed businesses,
housing
Clearly describes
social/economic
characteristics of
the community
including vital
statistics listed in
bulleted points.
(8-10 points)
Minimally describes
social/economic
characteristics of the
community and
includes part of the
vital statistics listed
in bulleted points.
(5-7 points)
Does not describe
social/economic
characteristics
and/or does not
include vital
statistics listed in
bulleted points.
(0-4 points)
4. Describe community
environmental/physical
conditions and
characteristics related to
health (e.g., climate, air
quality, pollution, disaster
history, housing, sanitation,
etc.).
Clearly describes
environmental
conditions related
to community
assessment
findings.
(4-5points)
Minimally describes
environmental
conditions related to
community
assessment findings.
(2-3 points)
Does not describe
environmental
conditions related to
community
assessment findings.
(0 points)
5.Describe health resources
within your community
assessment (e.g., health
personnel/offices, doctors,
dentists, hospitals, health
department, treatment
centers, homeless shelters,
etc.) AND describe the
community attitude toward
health/health care.
Clearly describes
health resources
within
community.
(6-8 points)
Minimally describes
health resources
within community.
(3-5 points)
Does not describe
health resources
within community.
(0 points)
6.Describe social
functioning (e.g., the level
of social and emotional
support community
members receives from
friends and/or family, etc.)
Clearly describes
social functioning
within
community.
(4-5 points)
Minimally describes
social functioning
within community
(2-3 points)
Does not describe
social functioning
within community.
(0 points)
7. Key Informant
Interview: Include one key
informant interview that is
a non-nurse professional
(interprofessional
collaboration) from the
community– interviewed
with data included in the
assessment (can be a
selected community
member, which includes,
informal leaders, church
deacons, school nurses,
social workers, or other
community members that
represent or work with
your community of
interest) See your Nies &
McEwen textbook for help
with questions for your
interview. Note the
purpose of this interview is
to address public health
issues in the community.
See the assignment
description found in the
Accurately
includes one key
informant
interview
providing
sufficient data
from community
assessment.
(4-5 points)
Does not accurately
include key
informant interview
and contains
adequate data from
community
assessment.
(2-3 points)
No key informant
identified and/or
major aspects of the
key informant
interview/data are
missing or
inadequate.
(0 points)
syllabus for questions that
must be asked of the
informant.
8. Analyze community data
and describe the
community problem:
Problem Statement
• Description of
problem with
problem statement
• Rationale for
problem chosen
• What are the
strengths and
problems for this
community?
• What are the risk
factors?
• What factors
contribute to the
problems?
Clearly analyzes
and describes
community data
and problem(s)
within the
community.
(8-10 points)
Minimally
analyzes/describes
community data and
problem(s) within
the community.
(5-7 points)
Does not adequately
analyze or describe
community data and
problem(s) within
the community.
(0-4 points)
9. Describe two other
credible sources of health
data about the community
(from sources at the
NU400 Library Guides)
**Explain the value of
applying population data to
identify priority concerns
and health outcomes
** Explain the value of
EBP as integral to
determining the best
clinical practice in
community health nursing
At least two other
sources of health
data included
The value of
population data
and EBP clearly
explained
(3.25 to 2.25
points)
One source of health
data included from
the NURS 400
Library Guides
(1.25-2.0 points)
No source from the
NURS 400 Library
Guide was used
(0-1.0 points)
10. Formulate a
Community Health
Nursing Diagnosis
(justifying identified
Clearly identifies
and formulates
community health
diagnosis based
on assessment
Minimally
identifies/formulates
community health
diagnosis based on
assessment findings.
Does not identify
and/or formulate a
community health
diagnosis based on
assessment findings.
priority primary need—the
most important need).
The format for community
health diagnosis is (4-part
statement), “Increased risk
of
______________(disability
or disease) among
____________________(c
ommunity or population
focus) related to
______________________
(etiological statement) as
demonstrated in/as
evidenced by
_________________(healt
h indicators).”
findings. Linkages
between
assessment
findings and
identified risks
and health
indicators are
clear.
(5-7 points)
(4-6 points) (0-3 points)
11. Identify limitations or
barriers to data collection
that you experienced
At least three
limitations or
barriers were
clearly described
(3.25 to 2.25
points)
Partial limitations or
barriers to data
collection were
included
(1.25-2.0 points)
Limitations or
barriers to data
collection were not
included
(0-1.0 points)
12. Writing Mechanics
(e.g., grammar and
spelling) through
PowerPoint.
Compile information into
PowerPoint formatting per
7th ed APA manual.
**Please include major
headings in your
PowerPoint for the
required rubric elements.
Correctly uses
APA format
including section
headers, citations,
and reference
page. Spelling,
grammar,
sentence structure
is essentially error
free.
(2 points)
Frequent errors (4-5
errors) occur with
spelling, grammar,
sentence structure
throughout
PowerPoint.
(1 points)
Numerous errors
(>6 errors) occur
with APA
format/writing
mechanics
consistently
throughout
PowerPoint.
(0 points)
13. The project must
include at least four
different (credible)/current
evidence-based sources of
data that are presented
within the last 5-7 years,
Includes a
minimum of four
current references
within the last 5-
10 years.
(1.5 points)
Includes a minimum
of two current
references within the
last 5-10 years and
(.75 points)
Not all references
are appropriate and
not from scholarly
sources. Fewer than
four references
used.
applicable to your
community/ aggregate
population.
(0 points)
FINAL SCORE (100
points total): points are
weighted in the
gradebook
*Complete the Verification Screenshot of the Community Assessment Assignment placed in
the NURS1100 portfolio by the due date to receive grade credit.
HUM 1050 – Introduction to Literature
Assignment #1: Analytical Essay – Initial Submission
Write an APA-formatted essay of 1000 words on (a) Chopin's biography; (b) analysis of “The story of an hour” (Chopin, 2023); and (c) a critical review of the story.
This essay should:
· be 1000 words long
· have an explicit thesis statement, with the main idea (the topic of the paper) and a controlling idea (what you, as the author, is saying about the topic)
· include an integrated, direct quote from the text to support the thesis in each of the body paragraphs
· be written using APA formatting guidelines
· use APA guidelines for citation, both in-text and on a References page
· write in 3rd-person only
· be submitted as a MS Word .docx file
Plagiarism will result in a zero for the assignment.
Reference
Chopin, K. (2023). The story of an hour. https://www.katechopin.org/story-hour/
see attachment
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