Clinical Decision Making Discussion

Purpose

The purpose of this interactive discussion is to allow for a discovery of the clinical decision-making process that guides the appropriate clinical use of pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of acute disorders across the adult lifespan. The development of evidence-based prescribing practice supports the professional formation of the AGACNP practice role.

Activity Learning Outcomes

Through this discussion, the student will demonstrate the ability to:

  1. Summarize the clinical utilization of pharmaceutical agents for specific diseases with rationale. (COs 1, 2, 3, 5, 6)
  2. Evaluate alternative perspectives on clinical management of selected diseases with pharmaceutical agents and articulate a substantial rationale that supports further discussion and healthy debate. (COs 1, 2, 3, 5, 6)

Due Date

The initial response to the chosen discussion question is due by Wednesday 11:59 pm MT. Subsequent posts, including substantive responses to peer(s) and faculty questions, must occur by Sunday 11:59 pm MT. A total of 3 substantive posts are required on 3 different days.

A 10% late penalty will be imposed for initial discussions posted after the deadline on Wednesday at 11:59 pm MT, regardless of the number of days late. NOTHING will be accepted after 11:59 pm MT on Sunday (0 points are earned).

A 10% penalty will be imposed for not entering the minimum number of interactive dialogue posts (3) OR not posting on the minimum required number of days (3). NOTHING will be accepted after 11:59 pm MT on Sunday (0 points are earned).

Total Points Possible

This assignment is worth 100 points.

Preparing the Assignment

Follow these guidelines when completing each component of the assignment. Contact your course faculty if you have questions.

  1. Answer the question that corresponds with the 1st letter of your last name only, do not respond to any other questions in your initial post (see table below).
  2. Post your initial response to the discussion question by the due date.
  3. Post substantial replies to peer and faculty by the due date.
  4. Good writing calls for the limited use of direct quotes. Direct quotes in discussions are to be limited to one short quotation (not to exceed 15 words). The quote must add substantively to the discussion.

If your name begins with the letters…

Answer this question…

A-G

You are working in the Emergency Department and a 20-year-old female with history of intravenous drug abuse presents with concern of septic shock. What are the considerations in choosing the appropriate antibiotic for this patient? Explain your thought process, questions you would need to ask, and what antibiotic you would order, and when.

H-M

How does the empiric pharmacological therapy differ in a patient with healthcare-associated meningitis (such as a neurosurgical patient with an external ventricular drain) as compared to a healthy adult with community-acquired bacterial meningitis? Explain your rationale.

N-S

You are admitting a 78-year-old male smoker with hx of asthma into the intensive care unit for a diagnosis of hospital acquired pneumonia. He was admitted three weeks ago with pneumonia and discharged to home on azithromycin after a 2-day hospitalization. What antimicrobial treatment will you order on his ICU admission now? Explain your rationale.

T-Z

What would be the alternative empiric pharmacological therapy for a 50-year-old male with a history of anaphylaxis to cephalosporins? Explain your rationale.

**To see view the grading criteria/rubric, please click on the 3 dots in the box at the end of the solid gray bar above the discussion board title and then Show Rubric. 

Last name initial is P.

References can’t be no more than 5 years old, unless it’s a recent CPG.

Ethics

 Use the textbook posted below and answer these questions.

1) In your own words, describe the difference between euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide.

 2) Select an argument for or against either euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide. How would you defend your argument?

Health Assessment

 CASE SCENARIO

Severely underweight 12-year-old Hispanic girl with underweight parents who has been bullied in school just recently.

Assignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):

· An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned.

· Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.

· Identify and describe any risks and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.

· Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information.

· Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight.

informatics

please focus on the following question:

 Based on your understanding of concepts of health and US values and the history of health care services, why do you think concepts like Social Determinants of Health have not been used as much in the health care industry? In your answer. you can consider the prevailing medical model (p. 53), anthro-cultural beliefs and values (pp. 84-86), and the history of health care services (132-134). 

Community & Public Health

you will select a diagnosis among high-risk patient populations that are commonly readmitted to the hospital. 

COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATED PSYCHIATRIC ASSESSMENT

Based on the YMH Boston Vignette 5 video, post answers to the following questions:

  • What did the practitioner do well? In what areas can the practitioner improve?
  • At this point in the clinical interview, do you have any compelling concerns? If so, what are they?
  • What would be your next question, and why?

Then, address the following. Your answers to these prompts do not have to be tailored to the patient in the YMH Boston video.

  • Explain why a thorough psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent is important.
  • Describe two different symptom rating scales that would be appropriate to use during the psychiatric assessment of a child/adolescent.
  • Describe two psychiatric treatment options for children and adolescents that may not be used when treating adults.
  • Explain the role parents/guardians play in assessment.

Support your response with at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources and explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.

mental health


Rasmussen University – Mental Health Care Plan

A. Patient identifiers:

Age: Gender: Ht: Wt. Code Status:

Isolation:

Development Stage (Erikson): Give the stage and rationale for your evaluation

Health Status

Date of admission:

Activity level: Diet:

Fall risk (indicate reason)

Client’s description of health status

Allergies: (include type of reaction)

Reason for admission:

Past medical history that relates to admission:

Socio-cultural Orientation

Cultural and Ethnic Background with current practices:

Socialization:

Family system: (Support system)

Spiritual:

Occupation: (across the lifespan)

Patterns of living: (define past and current)

Barriers to independent living:

Healthcare systems elements (continued) ALLERGIES:

Medications: List all medications, dosages, classifications and the rational for the medications prescribed for this patient include major considerations for administration and the possible negative outcomes associated with this medication.

DEFINE 1: What the medications Mechanism of Action AND 2: Why the patient is taking the medication?

Medication Classification Dosage Rationale Possible negative outcomes

Psychiatric Diagnosis and DSM 5 Diagnostic Criteria

History of Present Psychiatric Illness

(Presenting signs & symptoms/ Previous Psychiatric Admission / Outpatient Mental Health Services)

CON
CEPT MAP

Pathophysiology – (to the cellular level)

Medical Diagnosis

Clinical Manifestations (all data subjective and objective: labs, radiology, all diagnostic studies) (What symptoms does your client present with?)

Complications

Treatment (Medical, medications, intervention and supportive)

Risk Factors (chemical, environmental, psychological, physiological and genetic)

Nursing Diagnosis

Problem statement: (NANDA)

Related to: (What is happening in the body to cause the issue?)

Manifested by: (Specific symptoms)

General Appearance

Presenting Appearance (nutritional status, physical deformities, hearing impaired, glasses, injuries, cane)
Basic Grooming and Hygiene (clean, disheveled and whether it is appropriate attire for the weather)

Gait and Motor Coordination (awkward, staggering, shuffling, rigid, trembling with intentional movement or at rest),
posture (slouched, erect),
any noticeable mannerisms or gestures

Level of Participation in the Program/Activity (Group attendance and milieu participation, exercise)

Manner and Approach

Interpersonal Characteristics and Approach to Evaluation (oppositional/resistant, submissive, defensive, open and friendly, candid and cooperative, showed subdued mistrust and hostility, excessive shyness)

Behavioral Approach (distant, indifferent, unconcerned, evasive, negative, irritable, depressive, anxious, sullen, angry, assaultive, exhibitionistic, seductive, frightened, alert, agitated, lethargic, needed minor/considerable reinforcement and soothing).
Coping and stress tolerance.

Speech (normal rate and volume, pressured, slow, loud, quiet, impoverished)

Expressive Language (no problems expressing self, circumstantial and tangential responses, difficulties finding words, echolalia, mumbling)

Receptive Language (normal, able to comprehend questions,

Orientation, Alertness, and Thought Process

Recall and Memory (recalls recent and past events in their personal history).
Recalls three words (e.g., Cadillac, zebra, and purple)
Orientation (person, place, time, presidents, your name)

Alertness (sleepy, alert, dull and uninterested, highly distractible)
Coherence (responses were coherent and easy to understand, simplistic and concrete, lacking in necessary detail, overly detailed and difficult to follow)

Concentration and Attention (naming the days of the week or months of the year in reverse order, spelling the word “world”, their own last name, or the ABC's backwards)

Thought Processes (loose associations, confabulations, flight of ideas, ideas of reference, illogical thinking, grandiosity, magical thinking, obsessions, perseveration, delusions, reports of experiences of depersonalization).
Values and belief system

Hallucinations and Delusions (presence, absence, denied visual but admitted olfactory and auditory, denied but showed signs of them during testing, denied except for times associated with the use of substances, denied while taking medications)

Judgment and Insight (based on explanations of what they did, what happened, and if they expected the outcome, good, poor, fair, strong)

Mood and Affect

Mood or how they feel most days (happy, sad, despondent, melancholic, euphoric, elevated, depressed, irritable, anxious, angry).
Affect or how they felt at a given moment (comments can include range of emotions such as broad, restricted, blunted, flat, inappropriate, labile, consistent with the content of the conversation.

Rapport (easy to establish, initially difficult but easier over time, difficult to establish, tenuous, easily upset)
Facial and Emotional Expressions (relaxed, tense, smiled, laughed, became insulting, yelled, happy, sad, alert, day-dreamy, angry, smiling, distrustful/suspicious, tearful, pessimistic, optimistic)

Response to Failure on Test Items (unaware, frustrated, anxious, obsessed, unaffected)
Impulsivity (poor, effected by substance use)
Anxiety (note level of anxiety, any behaviors that indicated anxiety, ways they handled it)

Lab

Range

Value

Reason Obtained

Risk Assessment:

Suicidal and Homicidal Ideation

(ideation but no plan or intent, clear/unclear plan but no intent) Self-Injurious Behavior (cutting, burning) Hypersexual, Elopement, Non-adherence to treatment

Discharge Plans and Instruction: Placement, outpatient treatment, partial hospitalization, sober living, board and care, shelter, long term care facility, 12 step program

Teaching Assessment and Client / Family Education:

(Disease process, medication, coping, relaxation, diet, exercise, hygiene) Include barriers to learning and preferred learning styles

NRS DX:

Problem Statement:

R/T: (What is the cause of the symptom?)

Manifested by: (specific symptoms)

Short term goal: Create a SMART goal that relates to hospital stay.

Long term goal: Create a SMART goal that is appropriate for discharge.

This is specific to the patient that you are caring for. A list of planned actions that will assist the patient to achieve the desired goal. (i.e. obtain foods that the patient can eat/ likes)

Identify what the patients response or “outcome is to the goal or care that you have provided. i.e. patient ate 45% of lunch)

Was it met or not met there is no partially met.

References:

Nursing question

Communication Strategies & HIPPA

 

  • What electronic communication strategies are used at your organization to communicate with patients?
  • Based on your organization’s HIPAA policy, how is patient privacy and confidentiality protected?

Nursing advocating

Homework for  How can nurses be change agents and advocate for their community? Provide at least two specific examples.