• Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of interest.
• Describe how you developed a PICO(T) question focused on your chosen clinical issue of interest.
• Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you selected.
• Provide APA citations of the four relevant peer-reviewed articles at the systematic-reviews level related to your research question. If there are no systematic review level articles or meta-analysis on your topic, then use the highest level of evidence peer reviewed article.
• Describe the levels of evidence in each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, including an explanation of the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical research. Be specific and provide examples.

PICO QUESTION 

The PICO(T) question would be: “In adolescents aged 13-18 years, do mindfulness-based interventions, compared to standard or no interventions, lead to a significant reduction in symptoms of anxiety within 6 months?”

  Due 09/13/23 1900 EST

Respond to this DB using APA and include at least 2 scholarly references

Competing Needs in Healthcare Policy Development: National Healthcare Issue of Healthcare Workers Shortage 

Different needs can have a big effect on how policies are made to deal with the shortage of health care workers. As a graduate student in nursing who also works in a psychiatric hospital, I know how difficult things can get.
Haddad, L. M., Annamaraju, P., and Toney-Butler, T. J. (2020) say that nurses are an important part of health care and make up the most important part of the health field. The World Health Statistics Report says that there are about 29 million nurses and midwives in the world, with 3.9 million of them working in the United States. 

From an academic and evidence-based point of view, competing needs include restricted budgets, different goals among stakeholders, different places where people can get health care depending on where they live, and changing patient demographics. These things can cause tension and problems when making laws.
There aren’t enough nurses for a few main reasons: bad planning and allocation of the workforce; lack of new staff due to lack of resources; bad recruitment, retention, and “return” policies; inefficient use of nursing resources due to the wrong mix and use of skills; bad incentive structures; and lack of career support. 

                                                       Effects of Competing Needs on Healthcare Workers Shortage 

For instance, if you know a lot about psychology, you could show how important it is to have mental health experts. But because of shortages, other parts of health care may also need help. To find a balance and meet these needs, workforce estimates must be based on facts and take into account how many people are retiring and how many people are being born. 

Getting to population health, universal health coverage (UHC), and fair access to health care depends on having a health staff with enough capacity, capability, and quality to meet epidemiological challenges and changing needs. WHO says that by 2030, there will be 40 million more jobs in health and social care because more people will need them around the world. In most countries, nurses are the most highly skilled workers, and they make up about half of the world’s health care workers. 

                                                              Solving The Issue Of Competing Needs through Policy 

In this situation, it would be important for healthcare managers, policymakers, educators, and professionals from other areas to work together to make policy. Research that shows what works can help businesses decide how to hire, train, and keep workers. By recognizing and addressing these different needs, plans can be made to deal with the lack of healthcare workers and take psychiatric nursing experience into account. 

When it comes to psychology, having different needs can have a big impact on how healthcare decisions are made. As a psychiatry nurse practitioner, for example, you might run into situations where the patient’s need for freedom conflicts with the need to give the right care and make sure the patient is safe. Finding a balance between individual rights and the bigger goals of treatment success and patient well-being requires healthcare professionals, policymakers, and patients to make decisions based on evidence and work together. When making plans to deal with these hard problems, it is important to think about study, clinical standards, and ethical principles. 

Most people who talk about nurse shortages say that lawmakers should pay attention to all parts (called “policy bundles”) and not make policies based on simple, linear thinking. There is proof of this in both high- and low-income countries, where programs that only focus on growing nurse training have not increased the number of nurses entering the workforce or filled gaps in priority areas where there have been shortages in the past. 

To deal with the lack of health care workers, we need a plan with many parts, including laws that help hire, keep, and train people. Some ways to improve access to healthcare are to pay healthcare workers more money, expand training programs, improve working conditions, and use telemedicine. Evidence-based policies can be made by looking at trends in the workforce, figuring out how different actions affect the situation, and involving stakeholders to make sure the policies are well applied. 

                                                                                                   References 

V.M. Drennan and Fiona Ross What’s going on, what it means, and what can be done to fix the problem The British Medical Bulletin, 130(1), pages 25–37 

Organization for World Health. Workforce 2030 is a global plan for using people to improve health. Retrieved September 11, 2023, from https://www.who.int/hrh/resources/pub_globstrathrh-2030/en/Links to an external site.. 

Shortage of Nurses | StatPearls | NCBI Bookshelf | NCBI Visit www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408731 for more information. 

Evaluate the impact of aging on the structure and function of the pulmonary system. How do age-related changes, such as decreased lung elasticity and decreased respiratory muscle strength, affect respiratory function and increase susceptibility to respiratory disorders?

Part 1: Conduct an initial self-assessment in communication wherein you self-evaluate according to The 7 Competencies of Effective Communication, presented by Engleberg and Wynn (2015): know thy self; connect with others; determine your purpose; adapt to the context; select message content; structure the message; express the message. As you write your responses in the narrative section, draw upon the information you have learned from your studies of the lessons, text, and assigned exercises to demonstrate how your present understanding of course content informs your self-assessment. You may consider using the questions Engleberg and Wynn (2015) ask in their graphic (as prompts for each competency reflection). Finally, assess your level of skill by circling or highlighting the appropriate descriptor: excellent, good, average, or weak.

Part 2: In light of your self-assessment, provide both an overview of your goals and develop an improvement plan that includes measurable outcomes or “goals” that you may revisit near the end of this course. You should have at the very least two goals with a measurable plan for each detailed. Further, consider a way that you will track your progress.

Required Format and Process

Download and complete each area of the self-assessment table by writing in sentence format; submit it to your faculty by the due date. Be sure to address all rubric criteria.