Covid-19 and the Need for Health Care Reform (King, 2020)  NEJM . 

Identify 1 flaw in the US healthcare system that was made evident during the pandemic, and 1 innovation duirng the pandemic that improved health care.

Please read the article above and answer the question in not more than two pages.

Primary Task Response: write words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.

You are a health care administrator (HCA) for a community hospital named Choice Hospital. As the HCA, you are working with new staff who will assist you with data collection and analysis for tracking and benchmarking performance in several key areas of the facility. As you work with the new staff, you will help them understand the meaning of health statistics and  the external resources available for locating health care statistics by completing the following:

• Define health care statistics. 
• Explain the purpose of collecting and reviewing healthcare statistics
• Identify 2 organizations that use health care statistics at the local, state, and national levels (e.g., CMS hospital system)   
• Identify 2 sources that are available to obtain healthcare statistics

Signature Assignment: Create an Organizational Culture of Person-Centered Quality Health Care

There are two parts to complete your assignment for this week. Please review the instructions carefully.

Part 1:

 Access the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Quality Improvement Essentials Toolkit at the link in your Weekly Resources. Once at the link, you may be prompted to create an account to access the IHI Toolkit and the Driver Diagram. By creating an account, you will have access to many resources provided by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement.  

 you will select the
Driver Diagram from the list of tools.

 Download the template and save the template to your computer with your standard file-naming protocol. Be sure this file name includes the words Driver Diagram. Note: When downloading the template using the Chrome browser and the download arrow, a message appears asking if the form is to be saved “with my changes” or “without my changes.” Be sure to save with your changes even if you haven't made any changes. This action will save the template with your work, otherwise, it will not be saved.

 Close your browser after saving the form.

 Find the file you just saved on your computer and open it up.

 Read the information about Drivers in the form and review the example in the template.

 Scroll down and start filling out the template using the title
Create an Organizational Culture of Person-Centered Quality Health Care as your Aim.

 Continue to fill out the entire diagram by reviewing your weekly reading assignments and conducting your own additional research.

An example of how the Driver Diagram should look as you begin filling in the template is shown in Figure 8. In this example, there are Primary Drivers listed which you may use in your diagram or you can select different Primary Drivers. 

Driver Diagram Example 

Part 2:

Once you have completed and saved your Driver Diagram, you will prepare a Perspective Paper discussing your rationale for selecting the Primary Drivers, the Secondary Drivers, and the specific ideas to move toward creating an organizational culture of person-centered quality health care. Keep in mind, your perspective will provide a reasoned argument why you selected the drivers and ideas.
Hint: A good method to use when preparing a perspective paper is the A-B-C-D-E method; answer the question why the selections were made, back up your decisions, critique your decisions, defend your decisions, and evaluate your decision against other alternatives.  

Be sure your Perspective Paper contains an Introductory section, a section with the Body of your report, and a Summary Section. In addition, you will submit your Driver Diagram in one of two ways. You may either take a screenshot of your completed Driver Diagram, paste it into a new Word document, crop it as seen in Figure 8, then right-click on the cropped area and select Save as Picture. Save the cropped area as a picture on your computer, giving it the same file name and the original Driver Diagram. Insert your saved picture of your Driver Diagram in your report as an Appendix. Enlarge the picture so it fills the Appendix page to the page margins. Be sure to consult APA formatting guidelines when using an Appendix. 

Alternately, in lieu of the Appendix page, you can upload your Driver Diagram as a separate document when you submit your Perspective Paper. Be sure to refer to the separate Driver Diagram document in your Summary Section.    

Part 1:
The Driver Diagram is one page if used as the Appendix in the Perspective Paper. If uploaded as a separate document, your completed Driver Diagram template is 1 page of the 4-page IHI document.  

Part 2: The Perspective Paper is a minimum of 3 pages, not including the title page, reference page, and Appendix page if used.

References: Include a minimum of 3 peer-reviewed resources. Other scholarly and credible sources may also be used as supplemental support.

For this assessment, you will develop a Word document or an online resource repository of at least 12 annotated professional or scholarly resources that you consider critical for the audience of your safety improvement plan, pertaining to medication administration, to understand or implement to ensure the success of the plan.

Expand All

Introduction

Communication in the health care environment consists of an information-sharing experience whether through oral or written messages (Chard & Makary, 2015). As health care organizations and nurses strive to create a culture of safety and quality care, the importance of interprofessional collaboration, the development of tool kits, and the use of wikis become more relevant and vital. In addition to the dissemination of information and evidence-based findings and the development of tool kits, continuous support for and availability of such resources are critical. Among the most popular methods to promote ongoing dialogue and information sharing are blogs, wikis, websites, and social media. Nurses know how to support people in time of need or crisis and how to support one another in the workplace; wikis in particular enable nurses to continue that support beyond the work environment. Here they can be free to share their unique perspectives, educate others, and promote health care wellness at local and global levels (Kaminski, 2016).

You are encouraged to complete the Determining the Relevance and Usefulness of Resources activity prior to developing the repository. This activity will help you determine which resources or research will be most relevant to address a particular need. This may be useful as you consider how to explain the purpose and relevance of the resources you are assembling for your tool kit. The activity is for your own practice and self-assessment, and demonstrates course engagement.

Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

· Competency 1: Analyze the elements of a successful quality improvement initiative.

· Analyze usefulness of resources for role group responsible for implementing quality and safety improvements with medication administration.

· Competency 2: Analyze factors that lead to patient safety risks.

· Analyze the value of resources to reduce patient safety risk or improve quality with medication administration.

· Competency 3: Identify organizational interventions to promote patient safety.

· Identify necessary resources to support the implementation and sustainability of a safety improvement initiative focusing on medication administration.

· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly, evidence-based strategies to communicate in a manner that supports safe and effective patient care.

· Present reasons and relevant situations for resource tool kit to be used by its target audience.

· Communicate resource tool kit in a clear, logically structured, and professional manner that applies current APA style and formatting.

References

Chard, R., & Makary, M. A. (2015). Transfer-of-care communication: Nursing best practices.
 AORN Journal, 102(4), 329–342.

Kaminski, J. (2016). Why all nurses can/should be authors.
 Canadian Journal of Nursing Informatics, 11(4), 1–7.

Professional Context

Nurses are often asked to implement processes, concepts, or practices—sometimes with little preparatory communication or education. One way to encourage sustainability of quality and process improvements is to assemble an accessible, user-friendly tool kit for knowledge and process documentation. Creating a resource repository or tool kit is also an excellent way to follow up an educational or in-service session, as it can help to reinforce attendees' new knowledge as well as the understanding of its value. By practicing creating a simple online tool kit, you can develop valuable technology skills to improve your competence and efficacy. This technology is easy to use, and resources are available to guide you.

Scenario

For this assessment, consider taking one of these two approaches:

1. Build on the work done in your first three assessments and create an online tool kit or resource repository that will help the audience of your in-service understand the research behind your safety improvement plan pertaining to medication administration and put the plan into action.

2. Locate a safety improvement plan (your current organization, the Institution for Healthcare Improvement, or a publicly available safety improvement initiative) pertaining to medication administration and create an online tool kit or resource repository that will help an audience understand the research behind the safety improvement plan and how to put the plan into action.

Preparation

Google Sites is recommended for this assessment; the tools are free to use and should offer you a blend of flexibility and simplicity as you create your online tool kit. Please note that this requires a Google account; use your Gmail or GoogleDocs login, or create an account following the directions under the “Create Account” menu.

Refer to the following links to help you get started with Google Sites:

· G Suite Learning Center. (n.d.). 
Get started with Sites. https://gsuite.google.com/learning-center/products/sites/get-started/#!/

· Google. (n.d.). 
Sites. https://sites.google.com

· Google. (n.d.). 
Sites help. https://support.google.com/sites/?hl=en#topic=

Instructions

Using Google Sites, assemble an online resource tool kit containing at least 12 annotated resources that you consider critical to the success of your safety improvement initiative. These resources should enable nurses and others to implement and maintain the safety improvement you have developed.

It is recommended that you focus on the 3 or 4 most critical categories or themes with respect to your safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration. For example, for an initiative that concerns improving workplace safety for practitioners, you might choose broad themes such as general organizational safety and quality best practices; environmental safety and quality risks; individual strategies to improve personal and team safety; and process best practices for reporting and improving environmental safety issues.

Following the recommended scheme, you would collect 3 resources on average for each of the 4 categories focusing on safety with medication administration. Each resource listing should include the following:

· An APA-formatted citation of the resource with a working link.

· A description of the information, skills, or tools provided by the resource.

· A brief explanation of how the resource can help nurses better understand or implement the safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration.

· A description of how nurses can use this resource and when its use may be appropriate.

Remember that you must make your site ‘public’ so that your faculty can access it. Check out the Google Sites resources for more information.

Here is an example entry:

· Merret, A., Thomas, P., Stephens, A., Moghabghab, R., & Gruneir, M. (2011). 
A collaborative approach to fall prevention. 
Canadian Nurse, 107(8), 24–29.

· This article presents the Geriatric Emergency Management-Falls Intervention Team (GEM-FIT) project. It shows how a collaborative nurse lead project can be implemented and used to improve collaboration and interdisciplinary teamwork, as well as improve the delivery of health care services. This resource is likely more useful to nurses as a resource for strategies and models for assembling and participating in an interdisciplinary team than for specific fall-prevention strategies. It is suggested that this resource be reviewed prior to creating an interdisciplinary team for a collaborative project in a health care setting.

Additionally, be sure that your plan addresses the following, which corresponds to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so you understand what is needed for a distinguished score.

· Identify necessary resources to support the implementation and continued sustainability of a safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration.

· Analyze the usefulness of resources to the role group responsible for implementing quality and safety improvements focusing on medication administration.

· Analyze the value of resources to reduce patient safety risk related to medication administration.

· Present reasons and relevant situations for use of resource tool kit by its target audience.

· Communicate in a clear, logically structured, and professional manner that applies current APA style and formatting.

Example Assessment: You may use the following example to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like but 
keep in mind that your tool kit will focus on promoting safety with medication administration. Note that you do not have to submit your bibliography in addition to the Google Site; the example bibliography is merely for your reference.

·
Assessment 4 Example [PDF]
 Download Assessment 4 Example [PDF].

To submit your online tool kit assessment, paste the link to your Google Site in the assessment submission box.

Example Google Site: You may use the example Google Site, 
Resources for Improved Heparin Infusion Safety, to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like for this assessment but 
keep in mind that your tool kit will focus on promoting safety with medication administration.

Note: If you experience technical or other challenges in completing this assessment, please contact your faculty member.

Additional Requirements

·
APA formatting: References and citations are formatted according to current APA style