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Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVAs):

• Discuss the key pathophysiological mechanisms involved in cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). What are the major risk factors, and how do they contribute to the occurrence of a CVA?
• How can primary and secondary prevention strategies (including lifestyle changes and medical management) be used to reduce the risk of stroke?

Deep Tendon Reflex Scoring:

• Explain the 0 to 4+ scale for scoring deep tendon reflexes. How does this scale assist in assessing neurological health, and what can abnormal reflex findings indicate about a patient’s condition?

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy:

• Describe the pathophysiology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). What clinical signs and symptoms are typically seen in patients with DPN?
• Discuss evidence-based health promotion strategies to prevent or manage DPN in diabetic patients, focusing on lifestyle modifications, medication management, and patient education.

Endocrine Disorders:

• • Cushing’s Syndrome
• Discuss the pathophysiology of Cushing’s Syndrome and its impact on overall health.
• What are the major risk factors for this disorder, and how can these risks be mitigated through health promotion strategies such as lifestyle modifications, medication management, and patient education?